// =====================================================================
// SmartGrid — Regional Power Grid Architecture
// =====================================================================
//
// A regional electrical power grid model (110kV / 20kV / 0.4kV) with
// conventional generation (gas turbine, steam unit), renewable sources
// (wind, solar, hydro, biomass), high-voltage transmission, medium-
// and low-voltage distribution, and SCADA/protection systems.
// The TLE is "RegionalBlackout" — complete loss of power supply.
//
// Domain:     Electrical Power Engineering (IEC 61508)
// Functions:  89 (requires Full version)
// Complexity: High — 117 interfaces, 18 AND gates, 7 subsystem groups,
//             diverse redundancy patterns (N-1, dual infeed, 2-of-3)
//
// Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Wolfgang Freese, Overath (Germany)
// All rights reserved. This file is provided as an example for
// use with MCSA (mcsa.appliedfusa.de).
//
FUNCTION RegionalGrid

INPUT FuelAvailability
INPUT WindConditions
INPUT SolarIrradiance
INPUT AmbientTemperature
INPUT GridFrequency
INPUT CyberThreat
INPUT LightningStrike
OUTPUT PowerSupply


// ============================================================
// GENERATION (16 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- Fuel Supply (delivers gas/biomass fuel) --
FUNCTION FuelSupply_A
INPUT FuelAvail
OUTPUT FuelFlow
OIM FuelFlow.Flow_Lost.FuelAvail.Supply_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION FuelSupply_B
INPUT FuelAvail
OUTPUT FuelFlow
OIM FuelFlow.Flow_Lost.FuelAvail.Supply_Lost
END FUNCTION

// -- Cooling (for steam unit) --
FUNCTION CoolingSystem_A
INPUT AmbientTemp
OUTPUT CoolingCapacity
OIM CoolingCapacity.Cooling_Lost.AmbientTemp.Temp_Extreme
END FUNCTION

// -- Conventional Generators --
FUNCTION GasTurbine_A
INPUT FuelInput
INPUT ControlInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.OR(FuelInput.Flow_Lost; ControlInput.Control_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION GasTurbine_B
INPUT FuelInput
INPUT ControlInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.OR(FuelInput.Flow_Lost; ControlInput.Control_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION SteamUnit_A
INPUT FuelInput
INPUT CoolingInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.OR(FuelInput.Flow_Lost; CoolingInput.Cooling_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// -- Renewable Generators --
FUNCTION WindFarm_North
INPUT WindInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.WindInput.Wind_Insufficient
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION WindFarm_South
INPUT WindInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.WindInput.Wind_Insufficient
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION SolarPark_East
INPUT SolarInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.SolarInput.Irradiance_Low
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION SolarPark_West
INPUT SolarInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.SolarInput.Irradiance_Low
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Hydropower
INPUT ControlInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.ControlInput.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION BiomassPlant
INPUT FuelInput
OUTPUT ElecPower
OIM ElecPower.Power_Lost.FuelInput.Flow_Lost
END FUNCTION

// -- Generation Transformers (step-up to 110kV) --
// AND: GasTurbine_A AND SteamUnit_A must both fail
FUNCTION GenTransformer_A
INPUT ConvPower
INPUT SteamPower
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(ConvPower.Power_Lost; SteamPower.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION GenTransformer_B
INPUT GenPower
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.GenPower.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

// AND: all 4 renewable sources must fail
FUNCTION GenTransformer_RE1
INPUT WindPower_N
INPUT WindPower_S
INPUT SolarPower_E
INPUT SolarPower_W
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(WindPower_N.Power_Lost; WindPower_S.Power_Lost; SolarPower_E.Power_Lost; SolarPower_W.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: Hydro AND Biomass must both fail
FUNCTION GenTransformer_RE2
INPUT HydroPower
INPUT BioPower
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(HydroPower.Power_Lost; BioPower.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// HV TRANSMISSION 110kV (13 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- Double Busbar System --
// AND: all 3 feeds must fail for Busbar 1 to lose power
FUNCTION HV_Busbar_1
INPUT Feed_A
INPUT Feed_B
INPUT Feed_RE1
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feed_A.Power_Lost; Feed_B.Power_Lost; Feed_RE1.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: all 3 feeds must fail for Busbar 2
FUNCTION HV_Busbar_2
INPUT Feed_RE2
INPUT Feed_IntA
INPUT Feed_IntB
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feed_RE2.Power_Lost; Feed_IntA.Power_Lost; Feed_IntB.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: both busbars must fail (N-1 criterion)
FUNCTION HV_BusbarCoupler
INPUT Bus1_Power
INPUT Bus2_Power
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Bus1_Power.Power_Lost; Bus2_Power.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// -- Circuit Breakers --
FUNCTION CircuitBreaker_HV1
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION CircuitBreaker_HV2
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION CircuitBreaker_HV3
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION CircuitBreaker_HV4
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

// -- Transmission Lines (110kV, vulnerable to lightning) --
FUNCTION TransLine_North
INPUT PowerIn
INPUT LightningIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.OR(PowerIn.Power_Lost; LightningIn.Lightning_Strike)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION TransLine_South
INPUT PowerIn
INPUT LightningIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.OR(PowerIn.Power_Lost; LightningIn.Lightning_Strike)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION TransLine_East
INPUT PowerIn
INPUT LightningIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.OR(PowerIn.Power_Lost; LightningIn.Lightning_Strike)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION TransLine_West
INPUT PowerIn
INPUT LightningIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.OR(PowerIn.Power_Lost; LightningIn.Lightning_Strike)
END FUNCTION

// -- Interconnectors to adjacent grids --
FUNCTION Interconnector_A
INPUT ExtGridFreq
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.ExtGridFreq.Freq_Deviation
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Interconnector_B
INPUT ExtGridFreq
OUTPUT HV_Power
OIM HV_Power.Power_Lost.ExtGridFreq.Freq_Deviation
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// MV DISTRIBUTION 20kV (18 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- Supply Aggregators (redundant transmission paths) --
// AND: North AND East lines must both fail
FUNCTION MV_SupplyAgg_1
INPUT NorthFeed
INPUT EastFeed
OUTPUT MV_Supply
OIM MV_Supply.Power_Lost.AND(NorthFeed.Power_Lost; EastFeed.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: South AND West lines must both fail
FUNCTION MV_SupplyAgg_2
INPUT SouthFeed
INPUT WestFeed
OUTPUT MV_Supply
OIM MV_Supply.Power_Lost.AND(SouthFeed.Power_Lost; WestFeed.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// -- HV/MV Transformers (110kV to 20kV) --
FUNCTION Transformer_HV_MV_1
INPUT HV_Input
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.HV_Input.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Transformer_HV_MV_2
INPUT HV_Input
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.HV_Input.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Transformer_HV_MV_3
INPUT HV_Input
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.HV_Input.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION Transformer_HV_MV_4
INPUT HV_Input
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.HV_Input.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

// -- MV Busbars --
// AND: regular supply AND battery storage must both fail
FUNCTION MV_Busbar_1
INPUT TrafoInput
INPUT StorageInput
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(TrafoInput.Power_Lost; StorageInput.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: regular supply AND battery storage must both fail
FUNCTION MV_Busbar_2
INPUT TrafoInput
INPUT StorageInput
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(TrafoInput.Power_Lost; StorageInput.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Busbar_3
INPUT TrafoInput
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.TrafoInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Busbar_4
INPUT TrafoInput
OUTPUT MV_Power
OIM MV_Power.Power_Lost.TrafoInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

// -- MV Feeders (20kV cable runs) --
FUNCTION MV_Feeder_1
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_2
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_3
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_4
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_5
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_6
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_7
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION MV_Feeder_8
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// LV DISTRIBUTION 0.4kV (8 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- MV/LV Transformers (cross-busbar feeder redundancy) --
// AND: both feeder paths must fail
FUNCTION Transformer_MV_LV_1
INPUT Feeder_A
INPUT Feeder_B
OUTPUT LV_Power
OIM LV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feeder_A.Power_Lost; Feeder_B.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: both feeder paths must fail
FUNCTION Transformer_MV_LV_2
INPUT Feeder_A
INPUT Feeder_B
OUTPUT LV_Power
OIM LV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feeder_A.Power_Lost; Feeder_B.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: both feeder paths must fail
FUNCTION Transformer_MV_LV_3
INPUT Feeder_A
INPUT Feeder_B
OUTPUT LV_Power
OIM LV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feeder_A.Power_Lost; Feeder_B.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: both feeder paths must fail
FUNCTION Transformer_MV_LV_4
INPUT Feeder_A
INPUT Feeder_B
OUTPUT LV_Power
OIM LV_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Feeder_A.Power_Lost; Feeder_B.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// -- LV Panels --
FUNCTION LV_Panel_1
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION LV_Panel_2
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION LV_Panel_3
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION LV_Panel_4
INPUT PowerIn
OUTPUT PowerOut
OIM PowerOut.Power_Lost.PowerIn.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// PROTECTION (11 source components)
// ============================================================

FUNCTION DifferentialRelay_1
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DifferentialRelay_2
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION UnderfreqRelay
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DistanceRelay_1
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DistanceRelay_2
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DistanceRelay_3
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DistanceRelay_4
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION OvercurrentRelay_1
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION OvercurrentRelay_2
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION OvervoltageProtection
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION AutoRecloser
OUTPUT RelaySignal
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// RTU / TELEMETRY (4 functions)
// ============================================================

// AND: all 3 relay inputs must fail for generation telemetry loss
FUNCTION RTU_Generation
INPUT DiffRelay1_Signal
INPUT DiffRelay2_Signal
INPUT UfreqRelay_Signal
OUTPUT TelemetryData
OIM TelemetryData.Data_Lost.AND(DiffRelay1_Signal.Signal_Lost; DiffRelay2_Signal.Signal_Lost; UfreqRelay_Signal.Signal_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: all 4 relay inputs must fail for transmission telemetry loss
FUNCTION RTU_Transmission
INPUT DistRelay1_Signal
INPUT DistRelay2_Signal
INPUT DistRelay3_Signal
INPUT DistRelay4_Signal
OUTPUT TelemetryData
OIM TelemetryData.Data_Lost.AND(DistRelay1_Signal.Signal_Lost; DistRelay2_Signal.Signal_Lost; DistRelay3_Signal.Signal_Lost; DistRelay4_Signal.Signal_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: all 4 relay inputs must fail for distribution telemetry loss
FUNCTION RTU_Distribution
INPUT OcRelay1_Signal
INPUT OcRelay2_Signal
INPUT OvProt_Signal
INPUT AutoRecl_Signal
OUTPUT TelemetryData
OIM TelemetryData.Data_Lost.AND(OcRelay1_Signal.Signal_Lost; OcRelay2_Signal.Signal_Lost; OvProt_Signal.Signal_Lost; AutoRecl_Signal.Signal_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// AND: all 3 RTUs must fail for aggregated telemetry loss
FUNCTION RTU_Aggregator
INPUT GenTelemetry
INPUT TransTelemetry
INPUT DistTelemetry
OUTPUT AggTelemetry
OIM AggTelemetry.Data_Lost.AND(GenTelemetry.Data_Lost; TransTelemetry.Data_Lost; DistTelemetry.Data_Lost)
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// SCADA / CONTROL (10 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- Communication Networks (source components) --
FUNCTION CommNetwork_Primary
OUTPUT PrimaryLink
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION CommNetwork_Backup
OUTPUT BackupLink
END FUNCTION

// AND: both communication networks must fail
FUNCTION CommAggregator
INPUT PrimaryLink
INPUT BackupLink
OUTPUT CommLink
OIM CommLink.Data_Lost.AND(PrimaryLink.Data_Lost; BackupLink.Data_Lost)
END FUNCTION

// SCADA Master: loses control if comm fails OR cyber attack OR telemetry lost
FUNCTION SCADA_Master
INPUT CommLink
INPUT CyberInput
INPUT TelemetryData
OUTPUT ControlSignal
OIM ControlSignal.Control_Lost.OR(CommLink.Data_Lost; CyberInput.Cyber_Active; TelemetryData.Data_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION StateEstimator
INPUT SCADAData
OUTPUT GridState
OIM GridState.Control_Lost.SCADAData.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION ContingencyAnalysis
INPUT GridStateInput
OUTPUT Warnings
OIM Warnings.Control_Lost.GridStateInput.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION EnergyMgmtSystem
INPUT AnalysisData
OUTPUT Setpoints
OIM Setpoints.Control_Lost.AnalysisData.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION LoadDispatcher
INPUT EMSData
OUTPUT DispatchCmd
OIM DispatchCmd.Control_Lost.EMSData.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION

// FrequencyControl: fails if grid frequency deviates OR dispatch is lost
FUNCTION FrequencyControl
INPUT FreqInput
INPUT DispatchInput
OUTPUT FreqRegulation
OIM FreqRegulation.Control_Lost.OR(FreqInput.Freq_Deviation; DispatchInput.Control_Lost)
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION VoltageRegulator
INPUT DispatchInput
OUTPUT VoltRegulation
OIM VoltRegulation.Control_Lost.DispatchInput.Control_Lost
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// ENERGY STORAGE (7 functions)
// ============================================================

// -- Battery Storage (source components) --
FUNCTION BatteryStorage_1
OUTPUT DCPower
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION BatteryStorage_2
OUTPUT DCPower
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION BatteryMgmtSys_1
INPUT BatteryInput
OUTPUT ManagedPower
OIM ManagedPower.Power_Lost.BatteryInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION BatteryMgmtSys_2
INPUT BatteryInput
OUTPUT ManagedPower
OIM ManagedPower.Power_Lost.BatteryInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION GridInverter_1
INPUT DCInput
OUTPUT AC_Power
OIM AC_Power.Power_Lost.DCInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION GridInverter_2
INPUT DCInput
OUTPUT AC_Power
OIM AC_Power.Power_Lost.DCInput.Power_Lost
END FUNCTION

// AND: both inverter paths must fail
FUNCTION StorageAggregator
INPUT Inverter1
INPUT Inverter2
OUTPUT AC_Power
OIM AC_Power.Power_Lost.AND(Inverter1.Power_Lost; Inverter2.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// FINAL AGGREGATION (1 function)
// ============================================================

// AND: ALL 4 LV panels must fail for regional blackout
FUNCTION PowerDelivery
INPUT LV1_Power
INPUT LV2_Power
INPUT LV3_Power
INPUT LV4_Power
OUTPUT RegionalSupply
OIM RegionalSupply.Supply_Lost.AND(LV1_Power.Power_Lost; LV2_Power.Power_Lost; LV3_Power.Power_Lost; LV4_Power.Power_Lost)
END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// INTERFACES (117)
// ============================================================

// -- External input routing --
INT if001.RegionalGrid.IN.FuelAvailability.FuelSupply_A.IN.FuelAvail
INT if002.RegionalGrid.IN.FuelAvailability.FuelSupply_B.IN.FuelAvail
INT if003.RegionalGrid.IN.FuelAvailability.SteamUnit_A.IN.FuelInput
INT if004.RegionalGrid.IN.FuelAvailability.BiomassPlant.IN.FuelInput
INT if005.RegionalGrid.IN.AmbientTemperature.CoolingSystem_A.IN.AmbientTemp
INT if006.RegionalGrid.IN.WindConditions.WindFarm_North.IN.WindInput
INT if007.RegionalGrid.IN.WindConditions.WindFarm_South.IN.WindInput
INT if008.RegionalGrid.IN.SolarIrradiance.SolarPark_East.IN.SolarInput
INT if009.RegionalGrid.IN.SolarIrradiance.SolarPark_West.IN.SolarInput
INT if010.RegionalGrid.IN.GridFrequency.FrequencyControl.IN.FreqInput
INT if011.RegionalGrid.IN.GridFrequency.Interconnector_A.IN.ExtGridFreq
INT if012.RegionalGrid.IN.GridFrequency.Interconnector_B.IN.ExtGridFreq
INT if013.RegionalGrid.IN.LightningStrike.TransLine_North.IN.LightningIn
INT if014.RegionalGrid.IN.LightningStrike.TransLine_South.IN.LightningIn
INT if015.RegionalGrid.IN.LightningStrike.TransLine_East.IN.LightningIn
INT if016.RegionalGrid.IN.LightningStrike.TransLine_West.IN.LightningIn
INT if017.RegionalGrid.IN.CyberThreat.SCADA_Master.IN.CyberInput

// -- Generation internal --
INT if018.FuelSupply_A.OUT.FuelFlow.GasTurbine_A.IN.FuelInput
INT if019.FuelSupply_B.OUT.FuelFlow.GasTurbine_B.IN.FuelInput
INT if020.CoolingSystem_A.OUT.CoolingCapacity.SteamUnit_A.IN.CoolingInput
INT if021.GasTurbine_A.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_A.IN.ConvPower
INT if022.SteamUnit_A.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_A.IN.SteamPower
INT if023.GasTurbine_B.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_B.IN.GenPower
INT if024.WindFarm_North.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE1.IN.WindPower_N
INT if025.WindFarm_South.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE1.IN.WindPower_S
INT if026.SolarPark_East.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE1.IN.SolarPower_E
INT if027.SolarPark_West.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE1.IN.SolarPower_W
INT if028.Hydropower.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE2.IN.HydroPower
INT if029.BiomassPlant.OUT.ElecPower.GenTransformer_RE2.IN.BioPower

// -- Control to generators --
INT if030.FrequencyControl.OUT.FreqRegulation.GasTurbine_A.IN.ControlInput
INT if031.FrequencyControl.OUT.FreqRegulation.GasTurbine_B.IN.ControlInput
INT if032.FrequencyControl.OUT.FreqRegulation.Hydropower.IN.ControlInput

// -- Gen transformers to HV busbars --
INT if033.GenTransformer_A.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_1.IN.Feed_A
INT if034.GenTransformer_B.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_1.IN.Feed_B
INT if035.GenTransformer_RE1.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_1.IN.Feed_RE1
INT if036.GenTransformer_RE2.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_2.IN.Feed_RE2
INT if037.Interconnector_A.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_2.IN.Feed_IntA
INT if038.Interconnector_B.OUT.HV_Power.HV_Busbar_2.IN.Feed_IntB

// -- HV internal --
INT if039.HV_Busbar_1.OUT.HV_Power.HV_BusbarCoupler.IN.Bus1_Power
INT if040.HV_Busbar_2.OUT.HV_Power.HV_BusbarCoupler.IN.Bus2_Power
INT if041.HV_BusbarCoupler.OUT.HV_Power.CircuitBreaker_HV1.IN.PowerIn
INT if042.HV_BusbarCoupler.OUT.HV_Power.CircuitBreaker_HV2.IN.PowerIn
INT if043.HV_BusbarCoupler.OUT.HV_Power.CircuitBreaker_HV3.IN.PowerIn
INT if044.HV_BusbarCoupler.OUT.HV_Power.CircuitBreaker_HV4.IN.PowerIn
INT if045.CircuitBreaker_HV1.OUT.PowerOut.TransLine_North.IN.PowerIn
INT if046.CircuitBreaker_HV2.OUT.PowerOut.TransLine_South.IN.PowerIn
INT if047.CircuitBreaker_HV3.OUT.PowerOut.TransLine_East.IN.PowerIn
INT if048.CircuitBreaker_HV4.OUT.PowerOut.TransLine_West.IN.PowerIn

// -- Transmission to MV supply aggregators --
INT if049.TransLine_North.OUT.PowerOut.MV_SupplyAgg_1.IN.NorthFeed
INT if050.TransLine_East.OUT.PowerOut.MV_SupplyAgg_1.IN.EastFeed
INT if051.TransLine_South.OUT.PowerOut.MV_SupplyAgg_2.IN.SouthFeed
INT if052.TransLine_West.OUT.PowerOut.MV_SupplyAgg_2.IN.WestFeed

// -- MV supply to HV/MV transformers --
INT if053.MV_SupplyAgg_1.OUT.MV_Supply.Transformer_HV_MV_1.IN.HV_Input
INT if054.MV_SupplyAgg_1.OUT.MV_Supply.Transformer_HV_MV_2.IN.HV_Input
INT if055.MV_SupplyAgg_2.OUT.MV_Supply.Transformer_HV_MV_3.IN.HV_Input
INT if056.MV_SupplyAgg_2.OUT.MV_Supply.Transformer_HV_MV_4.IN.HV_Input

// -- HV/MV transformers to MV busbars --
INT if057.Transformer_HV_MV_1.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Busbar_1.IN.TrafoInput
INT if058.Transformer_HV_MV_2.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Busbar_2.IN.TrafoInput
INT if059.Transformer_HV_MV_3.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Busbar_3.IN.TrafoInput
INT if060.Transformer_HV_MV_4.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Busbar_4.IN.TrafoInput

// -- Storage to MV busbars 1+2 --
INT if061.StorageAggregator.OUT.AC_Power.MV_Busbar_1.IN.StorageInput
INT if062.StorageAggregator.OUT.AC_Power.MV_Busbar_2.IN.StorageInput

// -- MV busbars to feeders --
INT if063.MV_Busbar_1.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_1.IN.PowerIn
INT if064.MV_Busbar_1.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_2.IN.PowerIn
INT if065.MV_Busbar_2.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_3.IN.PowerIn
INT if066.MV_Busbar_2.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_4.IN.PowerIn
INT if067.MV_Busbar_3.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_5.IN.PowerIn
INT if068.MV_Busbar_3.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_6.IN.PowerIn
INT if069.MV_Busbar_4.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_7.IN.PowerIn
INT if070.MV_Busbar_4.OUT.MV_Power.MV_Feeder_8.IN.PowerIn

// -- Feeders to MV/LV transformers (cross-busbar redundancy) --
INT if071.MV_Feeder_1.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_1.IN.Feeder_A
INT if072.MV_Feeder_3.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_1.IN.Feeder_B
INT if073.MV_Feeder_2.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_2.IN.Feeder_A
INT if074.MV_Feeder_4.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_2.IN.Feeder_B
INT if075.MV_Feeder_5.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_3.IN.Feeder_A
INT if076.MV_Feeder_7.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_3.IN.Feeder_B
INT if077.MV_Feeder_6.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_4.IN.Feeder_A
INT if078.MV_Feeder_8.OUT.PowerOut.Transformer_MV_LV_4.IN.Feeder_B

// -- MV/LV transformers to LV panels --
INT if079.Transformer_MV_LV_1.OUT.LV_Power.LV_Panel_1.IN.PowerIn
INT if080.Transformer_MV_LV_2.OUT.LV_Power.LV_Panel_2.IN.PowerIn
INT if081.Transformer_MV_LV_3.OUT.LV_Power.LV_Panel_3.IN.PowerIn
INT if082.Transformer_MV_LV_4.OUT.LV_Power.LV_Panel_4.IN.PowerIn

// -- LV panels to power delivery --
INT if083.LV_Panel_1.OUT.PowerOut.PowerDelivery.IN.LV1_Power
INT if084.LV_Panel_2.OUT.PowerOut.PowerDelivery.IN.LV2_Power
INT if085.LV_Panel_3.OUT.PowerOut.PowerDelivery.IN.LV3_Power
INT if086.LV_Panel_4.OUT.PowerOut.PowerDelivery.IN.LV4_Power

// -- Power delivery to system output --
INT if087.PowerDelivery.OUT.RegionalSupply.RegionalGrid.OUT.PowerSupply

// -- Storage chain --
INT if088.BatteryStorage_1.OUT.DCPower.BatteryMgmtSys_1.IN.BatteryInput
INT if089.BatteryStorage_2.OUT.DCPower.BatteryMgmtSys_2.IN.BatteryInput
INT if090.BatteryMgmtSys_1.OUT.ManagedPower.GridInverter_1.IN.DCInput
INT if091.BatteryMgmtSys_2.OUT.ManagedPower.GridInverter_2.IN.DCInput
INT if092.GridInverter_1.OUT.AC_Power.StorageAggregator.IN.Inverter1
INT if093.GridInverter_2.OUT.AC_Power.StorageAggregator.IN.Inverter2

// -- Protection relays to RTUs --
INT if094.DifferentialRelay_1.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Generation.IN.DiffRelay1_Signal
INT if095.DifferentialRelay_2.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Generation.IN.DiffRelay2_Signal
INT if096.UnderfreqRelay.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Generation.IN.UfreqRelay_Signal
INT if097.DistanceRelay_1.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Transmission.IN.DistRelay1_Signal
INT if098.DistanceRelay_2.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Transmission.IN.DistRelay2_Signal
INT if099.DistanceRelay_3.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Transmission.IN.DistRelay3_Signal
INT if100.DistanceRelay_4.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Transmission.IN.DistRelay4_Signal
INT if101.OvercurrentRelay_1.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Distribution.IN.OcRelay1_Signal
INT if102.OvercurrentRelay_2.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Distribution.IN.OcRelay2_Signal
INT if103.OvervoltageProtection.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Distribution.IN.OvProt_Signal
INT if104.AutoRecloser.OUT.RelaySignal.RTU_Distribution.IN.AutoRecl_Signal

// -- RTUs to aggregator --
INT if105.RTU_Generation.OUT.TelemetryData.RTU_Aggregator.IN.GenTelemetry
INT if106.RTU_Transmission.OUT.TelemetryData.RTU_Aggregator.IN.TransTelemetry
INT if107.RTU_Distribution.OUT.TelemetryData.RTU_Aggregator.IN.DistTelemetry

// -- Communication to SCADA --
INT if108.CommNetwork_Primary.OUT.PrimaryLink.CommAggregator.IN.PrimaryLink
INT if109.CommNetwork_Backup.OUT.BackupLink.CommAggregator.IN.BackupLink
INT if110.CommAggregator.OUT.CommLink.SCADA_Master.IN.CommLink
INT if111.RTU_Aggregator.OUT.AggTelemetry.SCADA_Master.IN.TelemetryData

// -- SCADA chain --
INT if112.SCADA_Master.OUT.ControlSignal.StateEstimator.IN.SCADAData
INT if113.StateEstimator.OUT.GridState.ContingencyAnalysis.IN.GridStateInput
INT if114.ContingencyAnalysis.OUT.Warnings.EnergyMgmtSystem.IN.AnalysisData
INT if115.EnergyMgmtSystem.OUT.Setpoints.LoadDispatcher.IN.EMSData
INT if116.LoadDispatcher.OUT.DispatchCmd.FrequencyControl.IN.DispatchInput
INT if117.LoadDispatcher.OUT.DispatchCmd.VoltageRegulator.IN.DispatchInput


TLE RegionalBlackout.PowerSupply.Supply_Lost

END FUNCTION


// ============================================================
// FAULT RATES
// ============================================================

// --- ISF (external input fault rates) ---
ISF RegionalGrid.FuelAvailability.Supply_Lost 1.0e-06
ISF RegionalGrid.WindConditions.Wind_Insufficient 2.0e-06
ISF RegionalGrid.SolarIrradiance.Irradiance_Low 2.0e-06
ISF RegionalGrid.AmbientTemperature.Temp_Extreme 5.0e-07
ISF RegionalGrid.GridFrequency.Freq_Deviation 1.0e-06
ISF RegionalGrid.CyberThreat.Cyber_Active 5.0e-07
ISF RegionalGrid.LightningStrike.Lightning_Strike 3.0e-07

// --- SF (systemic fault rates) ---
// Generation
SF FuelSupply_A.FuelFlow.Flow_Lost 1.0e-06
SF FuelSupply_B.FuelFlow.Flow_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CoolingSystem_A.CoolingCapacity.Cooling_Lost 1.0e-06
SF GasTurbine_A.ElecPower.Power_Lost 2.0e-06
SF GasTurbine_B.ElecPower.Power_Lost 2.0e-06
SF SteamUnit_A.ElecPower.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF WindFarm_North.ElecPower.Power_Lost 3.0e-06
SF WindFarm_South.ElecPower.Power_Lost 3.0e-06
SF SolarPark_East.ElecPower.Power_Lost 2.5e-06
SF SolarPark_West.ElecPower.Power_Lost 2.5e-06
SF Hydropower.ElecPower.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF BiomassPlant.ElecPower.Power_Lost 2.0e-06
SF GenTransformer_A.HV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF GenTransformer_B.HV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF GenTransformer_RE1.HV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF GenTransformer_RE2.HV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
// HV Transmission
SF HV_Busbar_1.HV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF HV_Busbar_2.HV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF HV_BusbarCoupler.HV_Power.Power_Lost 3.0e-07
SF CircuitBreaker_HV1.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CircuitBreaker_HV2.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CircuitBreaker_HV3.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CircuitBreaker_HV4.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF TransLine_North.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF TransLine_South.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF TransLine_East.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF TransLine_West.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF Interconnector_A.HV_Power.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF Interconnector_B.HV_Power.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
// MV Distribution
SF MV_SupplyAgg_1.MV_Supply.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
SF MV_SupplyAgg_2.MV_Supply.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
SF Transformer_HV_MV_1.MV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_HV_MV_2.MV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_HV_MV_3.MV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_HV_MV_4.MV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF MV_Busbar_1.MV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF MV_Busbar_2.MV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF MV_Busbar_3.MV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF MV_Busbar_4.MV_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
SF MV_Feeder_1.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_2.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_3.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_4.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_5.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_6.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_7.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF MV_Feeder_8.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
// LV Distribution
SF Transformer_MV_LV_1.LV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_MV_LV_2.LV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_MV_LV_3.LV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF Transformer_MV_LV_4.LV_Power.Power_Lost 5.0e-07
SF LV_Panel_1.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF LV_Panel_2.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF LV_Panel_3.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF LV_Panel_4.PowerOut.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
// Protection (source components)
SF DifferentialRelay_1.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF DifferentialRelay_2.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF UnderfreqRelay.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF DistanceRelay_1.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF DistanceRelay_2.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF DistanceRelay_3.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF DistanceRelay_4.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF OvercurrentRelay_1.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF OvercurrentRelay_2.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF OvervoltageProtection.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
SF AutoRecloser.RelaySignal.Signal_Lost 1.0e-06
// RTU / Telemetry
SF RTU_Generation.TelemetryData.Data_Lost 1.0e-06
SF RTU_Transmission.TelemetryData.Data_Lost 1.0e-06
SF RTU_Distribution.TelemetryData.Data_Lost 1.0e-06
SF RTU_Aggregator.AggTelemetry.Data_Lost 5.0e-07
// SCADA / Control
SF CommNetwork_Primary.PrimaryLink.Data_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CommNetwork_Backup.BackupLink.Data_Lost 1.0e-06
SF CommAggregator.CommLink.Data_Lost 2.0e-07
SF SCADA_Master.ControlSignal.Control_Lost 1.0e-06
SF StateEstimator.GridState.Control_Lost 5.0e-07
SF ContingencyAnalysis.Warnings.Control_Lost 5.0e-07
SF EnergyMgmtSystem.Setpoints.Control_Lost 5.0e-07
SF LoadDispatcher.DispatchCmd.Control_Lost 1.0e-06
SF FrequencyControl.FreqRegulation.Control_Lost 5.0e-07
SF VoltageRegulator.VoltRegulation.Control_Lost 5.0e-07
// Storage
SF BatteryStorage_1.DCPower.Power_Lost 2.0e-06
SF BatteryStorage_2.DCPower.Power_Lost 2.0e-06
SF BatteryMgmtSys_1.ManagedPower.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF BatteryMgmtSys_2.ManagedPower.Power_Lost 1.0e-06
SF GridInverter_1.AC_Power.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF GridInverter_2.AC_Power.Power_Lost 1.5e-06
SF StorageAggregator.AC_Power.Power_Lost 2.0e-07
// Aggregation
SF PowerDelivery.RegionalSupply.Supply_Lost 1.0e-07

// --- TF (transfer fault rates) ---
TF if001.Supply_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if002.Supply_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if003.Flow_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if004.Flow_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if005.Temp_Extreme 1.0e-07
TF if006.Wind_Insufficient 1.0e-07
TF if007.Wind_Insufficient 1.0e-07
TF if008.Irradiance_Low 1.0e-07
TF if009.Irradiance_Low 1.0e-07
TF if010.Freq_Deviation 1.0e-07
TF if011.Freq_Deviation 1.0e-07
TF if012.Freq_Deviation 1.0e-07
TF if013.Lightning_Strike 1.0e-07
TF if014.Lightning_Strike 1.0e-07
TF if015.Lightning_Strike 1.0e-07
TF if016.Lightning_Strike 1.0e-07
TF if017.Cyber_Active 1.0e-07
TF if018.Flow_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if019.Flow_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if020.Cooling_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if021.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if022.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if023.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if024.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if025.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if026.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if027.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if028.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if029.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if030.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if031.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if032.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if033.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if034.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if035.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if036.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if037.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if038.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if039.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if040.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if041.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if042.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if043.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if044.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if045.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if046.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if047.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if048.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if049.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if050.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if051.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if052.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if053.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if054.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if055.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if056.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if057.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if058.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if059.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if060.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if061.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if062.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if063.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if064.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if065.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if066.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if067.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if068.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if069.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if070.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if071.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if072.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if073.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if074.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if075.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if076.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if077.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if078.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if079.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if080.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if081.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if082.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if083.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if084.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if085.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if086.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if087.Supply_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if088.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if089.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if090.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if091.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if092.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if093.Power_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if094.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if095.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if096.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if097.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if098.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if099.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if100.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if101.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if102.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if103.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if104.Signal_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if105.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if106.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if107.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if108.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if109.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if110.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if111.Data_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if112.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if113.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if114.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if115.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if116.Control_Lost 1.0e-07
TF if117.Control_Lost 1.0e-07